3-month
lead
6-month
lead
9-month
lead
12-month
lead
Source of Predictability in the Indian Ocean:
1.External force like ENSO
2.
2.Internal climate variability like Indian Ocean Dipole
In the IO, SST anomaly can be predicted up to about 2 seasons ahead. The highest skill are found in the central IO, southwestern IO, and WA. In general, source of predictability in the IO can be divided into  two parts. One is from external force like ENSO, the other is due to internal climate variability such as IOD.