Salinity in the Hardanger Fjord, Norway, during summer (top, numbers on top of the diagram give surface salinities along the estuary) and winter (bottom). The freshwater outflow during summer occurs in a thin layer of less than 50 m depth with very low salinity. The reduced freshwater outflow during winter produces much reduced freshening, which extends to somewhat greater depth.
Adapted from Saelen (1967).contact address: